After reflecting on this week’s readings and discussion, answer the following questions. Would you rather be a juvenile prosecutor or defense attorney? Explain your decision. What are two ethical cha

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After reflecting on this week’s readings and discussion, answer the following questions.

  1. Would you rather be a juvenile prosecutor or defense attorney? Explain your decision.
  2. What are two ethical challenges that juvenile prosecutors and defense attorneys each face?
  3. How do you recommend that juvenile prosecutors and defense attorneys overcome ethical challenges?

To complete this assignment, review the Journal Guidelines and Rubric document

Prompt: Journal activities in this course are private between you and the instructor. These journals are meant to offer you a more real-world glimpse at the

range of actors in the juvenile justice system as well as the opportunity to put your critical thinking skills at work by expressing your thoughts in response to the

questions assigned for you to answer.

Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

 Application of juvenile justice concepts. This includes answering the questions presented in the journal prompt within brightspace by using supporting

material presented in the textbook or scholarly resources.

 Personal reflection about course content from real world examples you have witnessed, read about, experienced, and/or expect to experience

Approach these activities as (a) an opportunity to reflect upon and apply what you learn each week based on the assigned readings, discussions, and activities, and (b)

an opportunity to share your knowledge and expertise based on your educational and professional experiences in the past. As a successful professional, you will need

good reflective and writing skills. Journal activities offer you the opportunity to further develop these skills.

Guidelines for Submission: Your assignment must be no more than 500 words with at least one source cited in APA format. Submit your assignment as a Word

document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins.

After reflecting on this week’s readings and discussion, answer the following questions. Would you rather be a juvenile prosecutor or defense attorney? Explain your decision. What are two ethical cha
Instructions You must make your own calculations and you must show your calculations in the answer document. Insufficient calculation steps will result in reduced points earned. Imbalanced Classifiers 1. Begin by writing the formula for each calculation, then show your steps to arrive at your answer. a. Calculate Accuracy b. Precision c. Recall d. F- Measure 2. Begin by writing the formula for each calculation, then show your steps to arrive at your answer. a. Calculate Accuracy b. Precision c. Recall d. F- Measure Bayes Theorem 3. (a) Suppose the fraction of undergraduate students who smoke is 15% and the fraction of graduate students who smoke is 23%. If one-fifth of the college students are graduate students and the rest are undergraduates, what is the probability that a student who smokes is a graduate student? Answer (b) Given the information in part (a), is a randomly chosen college student more likely to be a graduate or undergraduate student? Answer (c) Repeat part (b) assuming that the student is a smoker. Answer: (d) Suppose 30% of the graduate students live in a dorm but only 10% of the undergraduate students live in a dorm. If a student smokes and lives in the dorm, is he or she more likely to be a graduate or undergraduate student? You can assume independence between students who live in a dorm and those who smoke. Answer: Bayes Theorem 4. Consider the data set below. a) Estimate the conditional probabilities for (P(A|+), P(B|+), P(C|+), P(A|-). P(B|-), P(C|-) (b) Use the estimate of conditional probabilities given in the previous question to predict the class label for a test sample (A =0, B =1, C =0) using the naïve Bayes approach. 1. Consider a binary classification problem with the following set of attributes and attribute values: • Air Conditioner = {Working, Broken} • Engine = {Good, Bad} • Mileage = {High, Medium, Low} • Rust = {Yes, No} Suppose a rule-based classifier produces the following rule set: (a) Are the rules mutually exclusive? Answer: (b) Is the rule set exhaustive? Answer: (c) Is ordering needed for this set of rules? Answer: (d) Do you need a default class for the rule set? Answer: 2. Consider a training set that contains 100 positive examples and 400 negative examples. For each of the following candidate rules. R1: A -→ + (covers 4 positive and 1 negative examples) R2: B -→ + (covers 30 positive and 10 negative examples) R3: C -→ + (covers 100 positive and 90 negative examples) Note: The rules do not cover the entire training set. This is not an exhaustive rule set. a. Determine which is the best and worst candidate rule according to Rule accuracy. Answer: b. Determine which is the best and worst candidate rule according to FOIL’s information gain. Review of FOIL’s Information Gain R0: {} => class (initial rule) R1: {A} => class (rule after adding conjunct) Gain(R0, R1) = t [ log (p1/(p1+n1)) – log (p0/(p0 + n0)) ] where… t (total) number of positive instances covered by both R0 and R1 p0 number of positive instances covered by R0 n0 number of negative instances covered by R0 p1 number of positive instances covered by R1 n1 number of negative instances covered by R1 Answer: 3. Consider the one-dimensional data set shown below. Data set for Exercise 3. 0.5 3.0 4.5 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.5 7.0 9.5 y – 1st y – 2nd y – 3rd y – 4th a. Place the indicated symbol ( + or – ) into each cell for the purpose of classifying the data point x =5.0 according to its 1-, 3-, 5-, and 9-nearest neighbors (using majority vote). Answer: Number of data points symbol to be used/inserted into y row 1st Row 1-nearest neighbor + 2nd Row 3-nearest neighbor – 3rd Row 5-nearest neighbor + 4th Row 9-nearest neighbor –

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